Orthodox Easter is by far the most important religious holiday in most Slavic lands and is the busiest day at most Russian Orthodox churches across the globe. The holiday is steeped in history and mystic symbolism.
The following is a dual-language article meant to teach you about history and culture of Orthodox Easter while allowing students of Russian to expand their vocabularies.
| Orthodox Easter (ะะฐัั ะฐ) is sometimes referred to in Russian as โChristโs Resurrectionโ (ะฅัะธััะพะฒะพ ะะพัะบัะตัะตะฝะธะต). According to polls, it is the third most popular holiday among Russians after New Year and birthdays. Easter in Russia is celebrated a little differently than in the West. | ะะฐัั ะฐ, ะธะปะธ ะฅัะธััะพะฒะพ ะะพัะบัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะบะฐะบ ะตะต ะตัะต ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐัั โ ััะพ ััะตัะธะน ะฟะพ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบ ั ัะพััะธัะฝ ะฟะพัะปะต ะะพะฒะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะธ ะดะฝั ัะพะถะดะตะฝะธั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะะฐัั ะฐ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะพัะผะตัะฐะตััั ะฝะตะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพ-ะธะฝะพะผั, ัะตะผ ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต. |
| Easter is preceded by Pussy-Willow Sunday (ะะตัะฑะฝะพะต ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัะต) โ a celebration of the entrance of Jesus to the temple. The Jews laid palm branches for Jesus to walk on when he entered Jerusalem. In Russia, palms donโt grow naturally (except for a small area on the Black Sea coast), but pussy-willow branches will sprout fuzzy buds at about the time of Pussy Willow Sunday. Pussy Willows are thus used in place of palms to mark this day.
In Orthodox belief, the pussy willow is a symbol of spring because it is one of the first plants to blossom. It will later have leaves, but does not sprout them yet from the fuzzy buds. According to official explanation, this โincompletenessโ of the sprouting indicates that the joy from the holiday of Entrance of Lord is incomplete, but harbors the beginning of the joy of Easter and Christโs resurrection. Pussy Willow Sunday symbolizes, on the one hand, Jesusโ recognition as the Messiah (Christ), and on the other hand โ a prototype of the entrance of the Son of Man to Paradise. This day is celebrated on the last Sunday of the Lent, before Easter. |
ะะฐัั ะต ะฟัะตะดัะตััะฒัะตั ะะตัะฑะฝะพะต ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัะต โ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒั ะพะดะฐ ะะพัะฟะพะดะฐ ะฒ ั ัะฐะผ. ะัะดะตะธ ะบะปะฐะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟััะธ ะะธัััะฐ ะฟะฐะปัะผะพะฒัะต ะฒะตัะฒะธ ะฟัะธ ะตะณะพ ะฒัะตะทะดะต ะฒ ะะตัััะฐะปะธะผ. ะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะฐะปัะผั ะฒ ะฟัะธัะพะดะต ะฝะต ัะฐัััั (ะบัะพะผะต ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะพะน ัะตััะธัะพัะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะฑะตัะตะถัะต ะงะตัะฝะพะณะพ ะผะพัั), ะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฒะตัะพัะบะฐั ะฒะตัะฑั ัะฐัะฟััะบะฐัััั ะฑััะพะฝั ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะะตัะฑะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัั. ะะพััะพะผั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทััััั ะฒะตัะฑั ะฒะผะตััะพ ะฟะฐะปัะผ, ััะพะฑั ะพัะผะตัะธัั ััะพั ะดะตะฝั. ะะตัะฑะฐ โ ัะธะผะฒะพะป ะฒะตัะฝั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ััะพ ะพะดะฝะพ ะธะท ะฟะตัะฒัั ัะฐััะตะฝะธะน, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะฐัะฟััะบะฐะตััั ะฒะตัะฝะพะน ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะฝะฐ ัะฐะธั ะฒ ัะตะฑะต ะปะธัััั, ะฝะพ ะตัั ะฝะต ะฒัะฟััะบะฐะตั ะธ ัะตะผ ะดะฐัั ะฟะพะฝััั, ััะพ ัะฐะดะพััั ะพั ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบะฐ ะั ะพะดะฐ ะะพัะฟะพะดะฝั ะฝะตะฟะพะปะฝะฐ, ะฝะพ ัะฐะธั ะฒ ัะตะฑะต ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฒะตะปะธะบะพะน ะฟะฐัั ะฐะปัะฝะพะน ัะฐะดะพััะธ. ะัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบ ัะธะผะฒะพะปะธะทะธััะตั, ั ะพะดะฝะพะน ััะพัะพะฝั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธะต ะะธัััะฐ ะะตััะธะตะน (ะฅัะธััะพะผ), ะฐ ั ะดััะณะพะน โ ะฟัะพะพะฑัะฐะท ะฒั ะพะดะฐ ะกัะฝะฐ ะงะตะปะพะฒะตัะตัะบะพะณะพ ะฒ ะ ะฐะน. ะัะฐะทะดะฝัะตััั ััะพั ะดะตะฝั ะฒ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะต ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัะต ะฒะตะปะธะบะพะณะพ ะฟะพััะฐ, ะดะพ ะะฐัั ะธ. |
| Easter is the celebration of Christโs resurrection. For the Russian Orthodox, it symbolizes the rejoicing of the resurrection of Son of Lord, the victory of life over death, light over darkness. Russians celebrate Easter on Sunday which symbolizes that on that day โ Sunday, Christ was resurrected. In Russian, the word โSundayโ (ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัะต) originated from the word โresurrectedโ (ะฒะพัะบัะตั). | ะะฐัั ะฐ โ ััะพ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบ ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฅัะธััะฐ. ะะฝ ัะธะผะฒะพะปะธะทะธััะตั ัะฐะดะพััั ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝะธั ะกัะฝะฐ ะะพะถัะตะณะพ, ะฟะพะฑะตะดั ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะฝะฐะด ัะผะตัััั, ัะฒะตัะฐ ะฝะฐะด ััะผะพะน. ะ ะพััะธัะฝะต ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝััั ะะฐัั ั ะฒ ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัะต, ััะพ ัะธะผะฒะพะปะธะทะธััะตั, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ััะพั ะดะตะฝั โ ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝัะต, ะฒะพัะบัะตั ะฅัะธััะพั. |
| On the eve of Easter, all-night vigils and a religious procession around the church take place in all churches. Church service begins shortly before midnight. The religious procession is called โThe Cross Processionโ because the priest carries a cross in front of him as he starts from the church. The procession goes around the church three times while singing hymns.
At this time, bells ring โ during Easter Week in all Russian Orthodox churches, anyone is allowed to go up the bell-tower and to ring. And after the end of the service, believers exchange a triple kiss โ they greet each other with a kissing and the words โChrist is Resurrected!โ (ยซะฅัะธััะพั ะฒะพัะบัะตัะต!ยป) This is answered with โHe is truly resurrected!โ (ยซะะพะธััะธะฝั ะฒะพัะบัะตั!ยป) With this, the official part comes to an end, and the Easter feast begins. Colored eggs (ะบัะฐัะตะฝัะต ัะนัะฐ) and Easter bread (ะบัะปะธัะธ) are used to mark all 40 days of Orthodox Easter, but are especially common during the first week. These are used as gifts as the faithful visit one another to mark the holiday. |
ะะฐะบะฐะฝัะฝะต ะะฐัั ะธ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตั ั ัะฐะผะฐั ะฟัะพั ะพะดัั ะฒัะตะฝะพัะฝัะต ะฑะดะตะฝะธั ะธ ะบัะตััะฝัะน ั ะพะด ะฒะพะบััะณ ัะตัะบะฒะธ. ะะพะณะพัะปัะถะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะตััั ะฝะตะทะฐะดะพะปะณะพ ะดะพ ะฟะพะปัะฝะพัะธ. ะะท ัะตัะบะฒะธ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะตััั ะธ ะัะตััะฝัะน ั ะพะด, ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะฐะบ ะฟะพัะพะผั, ััะพ ัะฒััะตะฝะฝะธะบ ะฝะตัะตั ะฟะตัะตะด ัะพะฑะพะน ะบัะตัั. ะัะพัะตััะธั ััะธ ัะฐะทะฐ ะพะฑั ะพะดะธั ะฒะพะบััะณ ัะตัะบะฒะธ ั ะฟะตะฝะธะตะผ. ะ ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฑััั ะบะพะปะพะบะพะปะฐ โ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะฐัั ะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฝะตะดะตะปะธ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะฝัั ัะตัะบะฒัั , ะปัะฑะพะผั ะถะตะปะฐััะตะผั ัะฐะทัะตัะฐะตััั ะฟะพะดะฝััััั ะฝะฐ ะบะพะปะพะบะพะปัะฝั ะธ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะธัั. ะ ะฟะพัะปะต ะพะบะพะฝัะฐะฝะธั ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒะตััััะธะต ั ัะธััะพัััััั โ ะฟัะธะฒะตัััะฒััั ะดััะณ ะดััะณะฐ ัะตะปะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะธ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผะธ ยซะฅัะธััะพั ะฒะพัะบัะตัะต!ยป โ ยซะะพะธััะธะฝั ะฒะพัะบัะตั!ยป. ะะฐ ััะพะผ ัะพัะถะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะทะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะฒะฐะตััั, ะธ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะตััั ะฟะฐัั ะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะธั. ะัะฐัะตะฝัะต ัะนัะฐ ะธ ะบัะปะธัะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทััััั ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒัะตั 40 ะดะฝะตะน ะฟัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะฝะพะน ะะฐัั ะธ, ะฐ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะฝะตะดะตะปะต. ะั ะดะฐััั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะดะฐัะบะธ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฒะตััััะธะต ั ะพะดัั ะดััะณ ะบ ะดััะณั ะฒ ะณะพััะธ, ััะพะฑั ะพัะผะตัะธัั ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบ. |
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| Easter is celebrated for 40 days, because 40 is the โnumber of overcomingโ in Orthodoxy (Jesus Christ kept a fast for 40 days in the desert, Advent and Lent also last about 40 days each).
Easter bread symbolizes Christโs body. Eggs are painted in different colors, but in Orthodoxy, red is traditional โ it symbolizes the blood of crucified Christ. Most often, eggs are boiled with onion skins to give them this color. |
ะะฐัั ะฐ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝัะตััั 40 ะดะฝะตะน, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฒ ัะตะปะธะณะธะธ 40 โ ััะพ ัะธัะปะพ ะฟัะตะพะดะพะปะตะฝะธั (ะะธััั ะฅัะธััะพั ะฟะพััะธะปัั 40 ะดะฝะตะน ะฒ ะฟััััะฝะต, ะพะบะพะปะพ 40 ะดะฝะตะน ะดะปะธััั ะ ะพะถะดะตััะฒะตะฝัะบะธะน ะฟะพัั ะธ ะะตะปะธะบะธะน ะฟะพัั). ะัะปะธัะธ ัะธะผะฒะพะปะธะทะธัััั ัะพะฑะพะน ัะตะปะพ ะฅัะธััะฐ. ะฏะนัะฐ ะบัะฐััั ะฒ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ัะฒะตัะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะธะธ, ะบัะฐัะฝัะน ัะฒะปัะตััั ััะฐะดะธัะธะพะฝะฝัะผ โ ะพะฝ ัะธะผะฒะพะปะธะทะธััะตั ะบัะพะฒั ัะฐัะฟััะพะณะพ ะฅัะธััะฐ. ะงะฐัะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ัะนัะฐ ะฒะฐััั ั ะปัะบะพะฒะพะน ัะตะปัั ะพะน, ััะพะฑั ะฟัะธะดะฐัั ะธะผ ััะพั ัะฒะตั. |
| At the Easter feast, โegg fightsโ or โpeckingโ with eggs is popular with Russians. One person holds an eggโs end up, and another strikes it with the end of another egg. The one whose egg shell did not crack is the winner. | ะะฐ ะฟะฐัั ะฐะปัะฝะพะน ััะฐะฟะตะทะพะน, ั ัะพััะธัะฝ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝั ยซัะธัะฝัะต ะฑะพะธยป ะธะปะธ ยซัะพะบะฐะฝัะตยป ัะนัะฐะผะธ. ะะดะธะฝ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ ะดะตัะถะธั ัะนัะพ ะบะพะฝัะพะผ ะฒะฒะตัั , ะฐ ะดััะณะพะน ะฑัะตั ะฟะพ ะฝะตะผั ะบะพะฝัะพะผ ะดััะณะพะณะพ ัะนัะฐ. ะฃ ะบะพะณะพ ัะบะพัะปัะฟะฐ ะฝะต ััะตัะฝัะปะฐ, ัะพั โ ะฟะพะฑะตะดะธัะตะปั. |
| Many in the West are surprised when they find out that Easter is the most popular religious holiday in Russia โ even more popular than Christmas, which is widely recognized by far as the Westโs most important Christian holiday. | ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต ั ัะดะธะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ัะทะฝะฐัั, ััะพ ะะฐัั ะฐ ะดะปั ัะพััะธัะฝ โ ะฝะฐััะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ัะตะปะธะณะธะพะทะฝัะน ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบ, ะฟัะตะฒะพัั ะพะดััะธะน ะฟะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพััะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะ ะพะถะดะตััะฒะพ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะตััั ัะฐะผัะผ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะผ ัะตะปะธะณะธะพะทะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะธะบะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต. |
| In the West, Easter is celebrated much more loudly and secularly than in modern Russia. In Russia, there are egg dying kits that are sold, as well as commercially produced Easter breads, but there is nowhere near the marketing bonanza that one sees in the West with various candies, plush toys, baskets, and plastic eggs. | ะะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝััั ะะฐัั ั ะณะพัะฐะทะดะพ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะผะฝะพ ะธ ะฟะพ-ัะฒะตััะบะธ, ัะตะผ ะฒ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะน ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟัะพะดะฐัััั ะฝะฐะฑะพัั ะดะปั ะบัะฐัะตะฝะธั ัะธั, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะตะดะตะฝะฝะฐั ะดะปั ะผะฐััะพะฒะพะน ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะธ ะฟะฐัั ะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฒัะฟะตัะบะฐ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฑะปะธะทะบะพ ะฝะตั ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ัะพัะณะพะฒะพะณะพ ะฐะถะธะพัะฐะถะฐ, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต, ั ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะตะน ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัั ะบะพะฝัะตั, ะฟะปััะตะฒัั ะธะณัััะตะบ, ะบะพัะทะธะฝะพะบ ะธ ะฟะปะฐััะธะบะพะฒัั ัะธั. |
| Russia also does not have symbols of Easter that do not have direct connection to Russian Orthodoxy. Russia has no Easter Bunny, for instance. | ะขะฐะบะถะต ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะตั ัะธะผะฒะพะปะพะฒ ะะฐัั ะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฟััะผะพะน ัะฒัะทะธ ั ััััะบะธะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะธะตะผ. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะตั ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ัะธะผะฒะพะปะฐ ะะฐัั ะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะะฐัั ะฐะปัะฝัะน ะทะฐัั. |
| Orthodox Easter is usually held on a date 1-5 weeks later than Western Easter. This is due to two factors. First, the Orthodox Church uses the Julian calendar while the rest of the world has switched to the Georgian. The two calendars differ by about two weeks. | ะัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั ะะฐัั ะฐ ะพะฑััะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะทะดะฝัะตััั ะฝะฐ 1-5 ะฝะตะดะตะปั ะฟะพะทะถะต, ัะตะผ ะะฐัั ะฐ ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต. ะญัะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะดะฒัะผ ัะฐะบัะพัะฐะผ. ะะตัะฒัะน, ะฟัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั ัะตัะบะพะฒั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตั ะฎะปะธะฐะฝัะบะธะน ะบะฐะปะตะฝะดะฐัั, ะฒ ัะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะบะฐะบ ะพััะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะธั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตััั ะบ ะัะธะณะพัะธะฐะฝัะบะพะผั. ะญัะธ ะดะฒะฐ ะบะฐะปะตะฝะดะฐัั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฐัััั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒะต ะฝะตะดะตะปะธ. |
| The second is because both Orthodoxy and the Western Churches actually calculate the date of Easter by lunar cycles. So, the date changes every year in both Russia and the West because both Russian and Western governments follow calendars based on lunar cycles. Added to this is the fact that Orthodoxy believes that Easter must follow the Passover in order to follow the biblical timeline. The Western churches donโt hold to this. So, only when the appropriate lunar cycle occurs after the Passover do the two dates line up. They did so in 2017. However, it wonโt happen again until 2034. | ะัะพัะพะน ัะฒัะทะฐะฝ ั ัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั, ะธ ะทะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะต ัะตัะบะฒะธ ัะฐัััะธััะฒะฐัั ะดะฐัั ะะฐัั ะธ ะฟะพ ะปัะฝะฝัะผ ัะธะบะปะฐะผ. ะะพััะพะผั ะดะฐัะฐ ะธะทะผะตะฝัะตััั ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะณะพะด ะธ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะธ ะฝะฐ ะะฐะฟะฐะดะต, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะต, ะธ ะทะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะต ะฟัะฐะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดััั ะบะฐะปะตะฝะดะฐััะผ, ะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐััะธั ัั ะฝะฐ ะปัะฝะฝัั ัะธะบะปะฐั . ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะธะธ ััะธัะฐะตััั, ััะพ ั ัะธััะธะฐะฝัะบะฐั ะะฐัั ะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัั ะทะฐ ะะฒัะตะนัะบะพะน ะะฐัั ะพะน, ััะพะฑั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฑะธะฑะปะตะนัะบะพะน ั ัะพะฝะพะปะพะณะธะธ. ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะต ัะตัะบะฒะธ ะฝะต ะฟัะธะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัััั ััะพะณะพ. ะะพััะพะผั ััะธ ะดะฒะต ะดะฐัั ัะพะฒะฟะฐะดะฐัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะพะณะดะฐ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัััะธะน ะปัะฝะฝัะน ัะธะบะป ะฟะพัะปะต ะะฒัะตะนัะบะพะน ะะฐัั ะธ. ะขะฐะบะพะต ะฟัะพะธะทะพะนะดะตั ะฒ 2017 ะณะพะดั. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะฑะพะปััะต ััะพะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะธะทะพะนะดะตั ะดะพ 2034 ะณะพะดะฐ. |
| For two weeks before Light Sunday (The Day of the Resurrection of Christ) believers should sustain the Lentย which is more strict than the Lent in Catholicism. Orthodox Lent lasts 48 days (Catholic Lent lasts only 40 days) and imposes very strict restrictions on animal products, for example, eating meat is forbidden during the entire Lent. | ะะตัะตะด ะกะฒะตัะปัะผ ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ (ะดะฝะตะผ ะฒะพัะบัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฅัะธััะฐ), ะฒะตััััะธะผ ะฟัะตะดััะพะธั ะฒัะดะตัะถะฐัั ะะตะปะธะบะธะน ะฟะพัั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฑะพะปะตะต ัััะพะณ, ัะตะผ ะฟะพัั ะฒ ะบะฐัะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต. ะัะฐะฒะพัะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะะตะปะธะบะธะน ะฟะพัั ะดะปะธััั 48 ะดะฝะตะน ( ะบะฐัะพะปะธัะตัะบะธะน โ ัะพะปัะบะพ 40 ะดะฝะตะน) ะธ ะฝะฐะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะพัะตะฝั ะถะตััะบะธะต ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพะดัะบัั ะถะธะฒะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะถะดะตะฝะธั, ัะฐะบ, ะฒะตัั ะฟะพัั ะฝะตะปัะทั ะตััั ะผััะพ. |
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